Mycorrhizal colonization and nutrient uptake of dry bean in manure and compost manure treated subsoil and untreated topsoil and subsoil

Tarkalson, David D. and Jolley, Von D. and Robbins, Charles W. and Terry, Richard E. (1998) Mycorrhizal colonization and nutrient uptake of dry bean in manure and compost manure treated subsoil and untreated topsoil and subsoil. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 21(9):1867-1878.

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Abstract

Eroded or leveled Portneuf silt loam soils (coarse-silty mixed mesic Durixerollic
Calciorthid) have been restored to topsoil productivity levels by manure
application, but not by other organic sources such as cheese whey. In dry
bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Viva), only soil organic matter and Zn
concentration of leaf tissue correlated with improved yields. Manure
application could potentially increase or decrease mycorrhizal colonization
depending on which factors dominate. Manured and unmanured soils from a
long-term field experiment were sampled and mycorrhizal spores were
quantified, but there was no significant manure treatment effect on spore
numbers. A greenhouse study was conducted to see if manure or composted
manure freshly applied to subsoils would facilitate mycorrhizal colonization in
dry bean roots compared to untreated topsoil or conventionally fertilized
subsoil. Low level colonization (< 5%) was observed 21 days after planting
and that increased to 58% by 56 days after planting. Roots grown on subsoil
treated with manure or composted manure showed higher percent colonization
than roots from untreated subsoil, but roots on topsoil had highest colonization.
This increase in colonization was statistically significant for the last two
sampling dates. Topsoil promoted the greatest percent colonization in early
bean growth and this was reflected in greater Zn uptake during early growth
stages. By day 56, plants grown in manured subsoil absorbed Zn equal to
topsoil and at higher levels than the subsoil control. However, this increase in
Zn uptake was not seen in plants grown in compost manured subsoil. A
decrease in root and shoot weight was observed in the composted manure
treatment and this seemed to decrease mycorrhizal efficiency. Uptake of other
nutrients was either not related or was negatively related to mycorrhizal
infection. The higher percent colonization of roots by mycorrhizal fungi
stimulated by manure could explain the field observations of higher bean yield
and Zn contents in dry bean in manured than in untreated subsoils.

Item Type:	Article
NWISRL Publication Number:	0966
Subjects:	Irrigated crops > Bean / dry bean Manure > Composted manure Manure > Chemistry Soil > Chemistry Mass Import - autoclassified (may be erroneous)
Depositing User:	Dan Stieneke
Date Deposited:	20 Nov 2010 21:54
Last Modified:	18 Nov 2016 16:23
Item ID:	697
URI:	https://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/id/eprint/697