Five-year research summary using PAM in furrow irrigation

Lentz, R.D. and Sojka, R.E. (1996) Five-year research summary using PAM in furrow irrigation. In: Sojka, R.E. and Lentz, R.D. (eds.) Managing irrigation-induced erosion and infiltration with polyacrylamide. University of Idaho Miscellaneous Publication No. 101-96. pp. 20-27.

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Abstract

A previous conference paper
(Sojka and Lentz, 1996) presented an
historic perspective and some general
results of PAM investigations conducted
at the USDA-ARS Northwest
Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory
in Kimberly, Idaho. This paper
presents the experimental methods
and summarizes results from
those studies, conducted over a five year
period.
Studies initiated since 1991 determined
best mode of PAM application.
established PAM's effectiveness under
different furrow irrigation scenarios
and sought to define its potential
environmental impacts (Lentz, et
al., 1992; Sojka and Lentz, 1993,
Sojka et al., 1994; Lentz, 1996; Trout
et al., 1995). Kimberly ARS field
experiments initially sought to determine
the PAM application method
that most efficiently and effectively
controlled furrow-irrigation induced
soil loss and infiltration. We investigated
the following PAM application
parameters:
PAM form — dry granular, stock
solution. oil emulsion
PAM type — polymer charge type,
charge density, molecular weight
Application method — standard:
PAM added to irrigation water, nonstandard:
PAM applied to furrow soil
Application strategy — timing,
rate, and period of PAM application
Irrigation water quality —effect
of a water's total salt or sodium adsorption
ratio on PAM effectiveness
Experiments that examined effects
of PAM type on furrow processes are
presented in a separate paper (Lentz
and Sojka, 1996). A series of studies
documented PAM's usefulness
over a range of furrow-irrigated field
conditions. PAM was tested on different
soils, furrow slopes, and using
different furrow inflow rates and irrigation
waters. Several studies examined
PAM's environmental impacts.
We first developed an analytical
procedure for measuring PAM
concentration in irrigation water to
document the fate of PAM applied to
furrow irrigation inflows. A permanent
PAM field site was established
to study effects of long-term PAM applications
on soil properties. microbiology
(Warwood and Kay-
Shoemake, 1996), productivity and
solute leaching. Another experiment
documented PAM s influence on field
runoff water-quality. Finally, a plot
treated with excessive PAM additions
was used to determine the potential
for acrylamide-monomer accumulation
in crop-tissue (Barvenik et al.,
1996).

Item Type:	Technical Bulletin
NWISRL Publication Number:	0916
Additional Information:	USDA-ARS, Kimberly, Idaho.
Subjects:	Polyacrylamide (PAM) > Water-soluble PAM (WSPAM) Mass Import - autoclassified (may be erroneous)
Depositing User:	Users 6 not found.
Date Deposited:	20 Nov 2010 21:58
Last Modified:	25 Oct 2016 18:21
Item ID:	1196
URI:	https://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/id/eprint/1196