Fertilization strategy affects crop nutrient concentration and removal in semi-arid U.S. Northwest

Dungan, R.S. and Tarkalson, D.D. and Leytem, A.B. (2023) Fertilization strategy affects crop nutrient concentration and removal in semi-arid U.S. Northwest. Agronomy Journal. 115(1):351-369. 14 February 2023.

Text 1756.pdf Download (881kB)

Abstract

Access to manure is increasing in semi-arid irrigated cropping systems due to an expanding dairy industry. Improved nutrient management references will help meet crop nutrient requirements while abating consequences of nutrient surplus. A study was conducted from fall 2012 to 2019 utilizing: fall or spring applied dairy manure (56 Mg ha-1), fall applied composted dairy manure (33 Mg ha-1), spring applied urea or SUPERU® and an unfertilized control on a corn-barley-alfalfa3 crop rotation. This manuscript focuses on treatment effects on (i) soil N, P, Olsen-P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, conductivity, and pH; (ii) crop uptake and removal of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Mn; and (iii) forage digestibility and energy content. Compost and manure additions increased corn silage N, P, K respectively by 0.86, 0.28, and 2.4 g kg-1 over other treatments; silage Ca and Mg were depressed 0.4 and 0.53 g kg-1 by manure applications. Mean barley grain Premoval and Kremoval increased 5.10 and 7.65 g kg-1 under manure applications relative to urea and SUPERU treatments while CP (19.1 g N kg-1) neared the limit for high quality malt extract (16-19 g N kg-1). Compost and manure respectively increased alfalfa K by 2.3 and 5.5 g kg-1 over other treatments, approaching levels of concern for hypocalcemia in dairy cattle (=30 g K kg-1). No major impact on corn silage or alfalfa quality parameters, outside of nutrient density, were observed. As nutrient uptake and removal was altered by fertilization strategy, planners may consider revising uptake and removal references.

Item Type:	Article
NWISRL Publication Number:	1756
Subjects:	Dryland crops > Small grain Dryland crops Irrigated crops > Alfalfa Soil > Amendments
Depositing User:	Users 11 not found.
Date Deposited:	01 May 2023 20:57
Last Modified:	01 May 2023 20:57
Item ID:	1796
URI:	https://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/id/eprint/1796