Phosphorus losses in runoff after application of litter from broilers fed high-available phosphorus corn feed

Tarkalson, D.D. and Mikkelsen, R.L. (2007) Phosphorus losses in runoff after application of litter from broilers fed high-available phosphorus corn feed. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 38:1805-1814.

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Abstract

Recent efforts to reduce phosphorus (P) content of corn grain fed to poultry
have led to the development of low-phytic-acid corn. Research is needed to evaluate
the environmental impact of the application to cropland of manure from animals fed
low-phytic-acid corn. The purpose of this research was to determine P losses in
runoff from a bare Piedmont soil (cecil clay loam; clayey, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic
Kanhapludult) in the southeastern United States receiving surface applications of
broiler litter from birds fed a low-phytic-acid corn (HAP broiler litter). The HAP
litter was applied at rates of 0, 8, 16, 33, 49, 66, and 82 kg P ha-1
. Simulated
rainfall was applied at a rate of 7.6 cm hr-1 on the same day the litter sources were
applied to the plots. Runoff volumes were measured, and samples were collected at
5-min intervals for 30 min and analyzed for reactive P (RP), algal-available P
(AAP), and total P (TP). Flow-weighted concentrations and mass losses of P
increased linearly with litter application rate (r2 values ¼ 0.99). Flow-weighted concentrations
of RP in runoff increased from 2.2 to 15.4 mg RP L-1, and mass loss of
TP in runoff ranged from 1.3 to 7.3 kg P ha-1 over all application rates based on
linear regression. Runoff volume losses were 47% greater after litter applications
compare to the 0 application rate treatment. Reduced infiltration resulting from litter
particles blocking pores in the soil surface is likely the reason for the increased runoff
volumes.

Item Type:	Article
NWISRL Publication Number:	1229
Subjects:	Irrigated crops > Corn / maize Irrigation > Furrow irrigation > Runoff losses > Nutrients Manure > Application guidelines > Corn Manure > Chemistry Mass Import - autoclassified (may be erroneous)
Depositing User:	Dan Stieneke
Date Deposited:	20 Nov 2010 21:49
Last Modified:	31 Oct 2016 16:59
Item ID:	64
URI:	https://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/id/eprint/64